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LPIC-1 101-500 Exam

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101 System architectureHardware, boot processes, and system state management with systemd.38questionsMedium
102 Linux installation and package managementDisk layouts, boot management, libraries, packages, and virtualization.62questionsHigh
103 GNU and Unix commandsCommand-line operation, text processing, file management, processes, regular expressions, and vi.126questionsHigh
104 Devices, Linux filesystems, and FHSFilesystems, mounts, permissions, links, and standard file locations.70questionsHigh
4 areas / 23 objectives selected296questionseligible

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103.1 Command-line operation18 questions
  1. Passing a variable to a child shell
  2. Finding all command resolutions
  3. Changing an environment variable for one command
  4. Removing a shell variable
  5. Printing $HOME literally
  6. Saving command output in a variable
  7. Running the next command only on success
  8. Running a fallback only on failure
  9. Running the next command regardless of status
  10. Executing a script in the current directory
  11. Prepending a directory to PATH
  12. Printing the physical working directory
  13. Running a command with an empty environment
  14. Inspecting an unexported shell variable
  15. Showing only recent history
  16. Deleting one history entry
  17. Searching manual descriptions
  18. Printing the running kernel release
103.2 Text stream processing14 questions
  1. Listing unique service names
  2. Sorting CSV rows by a numeric field in descending order
  3. Concatenating files in the given order
  4. Showing the first five lines
  5. Counting input lines
  6. Converting lowercase to uppercase
  7. Browsing a large log interactively
  8. Generating a SHA-256 digest
  9. Numbering every line, including blank lines
  10. Inspecting newline bytes in hexadecimal
  11. Joining corresponding lines side by side
  12. Replacing every occurrence on each line
  13. Splitting a file every 100 lines
  14. Displaying xz-compressed text
103.3 Basic file management20 questions
  1. Moving temporary files recursively
  2. Creating an archive without a parent directory prefix
  3. Copying a directory while preserving attributes
  4. Copying only when the source is newer
  5. Creating a directory hierarchy with its parents
  6. Renaming a file in the same directory
  7. Recursively removing a directory tree
  8. Removing only an empty directory
  9. Creating a missing empty file
  10. Listing hidden files without special entries
  11. Finding regular files larger than 10 MiB
  12. Finding symbolic links
  13. Extracting a gzip-compressed tar archive
  14. Creating a newc cpio archive from a path list
  15. Copying a device into an image file
  16. Detecting only the MIME type from content
  17. Compressing with gzip while keeping the source
  18. Decompressing bzip2 while keeping the source
  19. Decompressing an xz file
  20. Matching filenames with exactly one digit
103.4 Streams, pipes, and redirection18 questions
  1. Saving only standard error to a separate file
  2. Passing filenames with spaces safely to xargs
  3. Overwriting a file with standard output
  4. Appending standard output to an existing log
  5. Reading standard input from a file
  6. Saving only standard error
  7. Saving output and errors separately
  8. Saving both streams to one file
  9. Keeping only standard error on the terminal
  10. Piping both streams into a filter
  11. Discarding only standard error
  12. Counting lines selected by a pipeline
  13. Saving to two files while displaying output
  14. Turning standard input into command arguments
  15. Limiting xargs to two arguments per run
  16. Placing an xargs item in the middle of arguments
  17. Skipping xargs when input is empty
  18. Passing a literal variable reference with a quoted here-document
103.5 Process creation, monitoring, and termination18 questions
  1. Resuming a stopped process
  2. Receiving a background process exit status
  3. Starting a command in the background
  4. Listing shell jobs with their PIDs
  5. Bringing a background job to the foreground
  6. Resuming a stopped job in the background
  7. Starting a job that ignores hangups
  8. Displaying all processes in full format
  9. Taking one non-interactive top snapshot
  10. Displaying memory usage in readable units
  11. Showing uptime and load averages
  12. Finding PIDs with an exact process name
  13. Sending TERM to exact-name processes
  14. Requesting normal termination by PID
  15. Sending TERM to every process with a command name
  16. Refreshing a command every five seconds
  17. Starting a named detached screen session
  18. Starting a named detached tmux session
103.6 Changing process priority10 questions
  1. Starting a new process with a lower priority
  2. Changing the nice value of a running process
  3. Determining the default nice value
  4. Interpreting nice value direction
  5. Determining nice's default adjustment
  6. Applying a relative nice adjustment
  7. Checking permission for a negative nice adjustment
  8. Showing a PID's nice and priority columns
  9. Changing a process nice value from top
  10. Setting one nice value for multiple PIDs
103.7 Searching text with regular expressions16 questions
  1. Extracting only fully matching IDs
  2. Replacing every run of whitespace
  3. Searching for a literal period
  4. Matching one non-digit character
  5. Matching one or more repetitions
  6. Matching an optional character
  7. Grouping an alternation
  8. Matching a fixed bracketed line exactly
  9. Excluding comments and blank lines
  10. Case-insensitive whole-line matching
  11. Matching a whole word
  12. Counting matching lines
  13. Printing each match separately
  14. Testing for a match without output
  15. Specifying repetition in a BRE
  16. Reordering captured fields with sed
103.8 Basic file editing12 questions
  1. Duplicating the current line in vi
  2. Opening a new line below the current line
  3. Moving to a specified line number
  4. Deleting the current line
  5. Undoing the previous change
  6. Redoing an undone change
  7. Moving to the next match of the same search
  8. Replacing one character under the cursor
  9. Changing a word
  10. Replacing every match on the current line
  11. Saving changes and quitting
  12. Discarding changes and quitting
101.1 Hardware and device information10 questions
  1. Checking CPU model information in procfs
  2. Checking the driver for a PCI device
  3. Displaying detailed USB descriptors
  4. Listing loaded kernel modules
  5. Loading a module with dependencies
  6. Removing a module with modprobe
  7. Inspecting the kernel device hierarchy
  8. Checking interrupt assignments and counts
  9. Applying rules to hotplug events
  10. Showing PCI names and numeric IDs
101.2 System boot, init, and shutdown14 questions
  1. Determining what UEFI runs next
  2. Ordering the BIOS boot stage
  3. Identifying the bootloader's role
  4. Determining the purpose of initramfs
  5. Checking the current kernel arguments
  6. Specifying the root filesystem
  7. Selecting an alternate init program
  8. Identifying the current PID 1
  9. Identifying systemd's boot-time role
  10. Identifying SysVinit startup processing
  11. Identifying Upstart's design
  12. Checking kernel boot messages
  13. Showing logs for the current boot
  14. Showing logs from the previous boot
101.3 System boot, init, and shutdown14 questions
  1. Checking the default boot target
  2. Setting the default target for the next boot
  3. Switching the current state to non-graphical mode
  4. Entering systemd rescue mode
  5. Rebooting through systemd
  6. Powering off through systemd
  7. Scheduling a reboot with a notice
  8. Cancelling a scheduled shutdown
  9. Broadcasting a message to logged-in users
  10. Checking previous and current runlevels
  11. Changing to SysVinit runlevel 3
  12. Setting a SysVinit default runlevel
  13. Choosing the administrator systemd unit directory
  14. Handling ACPI events in user space
102.1 Disk layout and partitioning10 questions
  1. Isolating log growth
  2. Separating user data from the OS
  3. Designing a boot-readable /boot area
  4. Understanding the EFI System Partition
  5. Understanding the role of swap
  6. Sizing swap for hibernation
  7. Ordering the LVM layers
  8. Recognizing an LVM benefit
  9. Understanding a mount point
  10. Isolating spool workload
102.2 Bootloader configuration10 questions
  1. Identifying GRUB 2's generated configuration
  2. Changing GRUB 2 generation inputs
  3. Regenerating GRUB 2 configuration
  4. Installing GRUB on a BIOS disk
  5. Specifying the ESP for UEFI GRUB
  6. Editing a GRUB menu entry for one boot
  7. Opening the GRUB command line
  8. Specifying a kernel and initramfs in GRUB 2
  9. Identifying the GRUB Legacy menu file
  10. Identifying the role of the MBR
102.3 Shared libraries6 questions
  1. Checking an executable's shared-library dependencies
  2. Displaying the shared-library cache
  3. Persistently adding a shared-library directory
  4. Adding a search path for one execution
  5. Refreshing the linker cache after adding a library
  6. Choosing a standard shared-library directory
102.4 Debian package management14 questions
  1. Installing a local deb package
  2. Removing a package while keeping configuration
  3. Removing a package and its configuration
  4. Listing files installed by a package
  5. Finding the package that owns a file
  6. Checking package status and metadata
  7. Reconfiguring an installed package
  8. Updating repository package indexes
  9. Installing a package with dependency resolution
  10. Removing a package while keeping configuration
  11. Searching package names and descriptions
  12. Displaying repository package metadata
  13. Displaying package dependencies
  14. Selecting a dependency-changing system upgrade
102.5 RPM package management16 questions
  1. Upgrading or installing an RPM package
  2. Updating only already-installed RPMs
  3. Removing an RPM package
  4. Inspecting an installed RPM
  5. Listing files owned by an RPM
  6. Finding the RPM that owns a file
  7. Verifying changes to installed files
  8. Inspecting requirements of an uninstalled RPM
  9. Checking an RPM archive signature
  10. Extracting an RPM without installing it
  11. Reinstalling a package with YUM
  12. Finding a repository package that provides a file
  13. Persistently configuring a YUM repository
  14. Refreshing Zypper repository metadata
  15. Installing a package with Zypper
  16. Applying available Zypper package updates
102.6 Virtualization concepts6 questions
  1. Distinguishing VM and container boundaries
  2. Choosing persistent block storage in IaaS
  3. Identifying the role of a system image
  4. Resetting unique identities before cloning
  5. Choosing guest integration components
  6. Automating cloud first-boot configuration
104.1 Partitioning and filesystems10 questions
  1. Inspecting a partition table without changing it
  2. Editing a GPT interactively
  3. Creating a new GPT partition table
  4. Creating an ext4 filesystem
  5. Creating an XFS filesystem
  6. Creating a VFAT-compatible filesystem
  7. Creating an exFAT filesystem
  8. Initializing a Linux swap area
  9. Understanding Btrfs subvolumes
  10. Identifying Btrfs capabilities
104.2 Filesystem administration10 questions
  1. Summarizing directory disk usage
  2. Checking filesystem free space
  3. Checking for inode exhaustion
  4. Checking filesystems listed in fstab
  5. Forcing a complete ext4 check
  6. Displaying ext4 tuning values
  7. Setting an ext4 mount-count check interval
  8. Checking XFS without modifying it
  9. Reorganizing XFS file extents
  10. Inspecting XFS internals read-only
104.3 Mounting filesystems14 questions
  1. Mounting a device manually
  2. Defining a persistent UUID mount
  3. Mounting all eligible fstab entries
  4. Detaching a filesystem
  5. Reading the fstab field order
  6. Suppressing automatic mounting
  7. Allowing a regular user to mount
  8. Inspecting a device's UUID and type
  9. Surveying block devices and mounts
  10. Specifying a mount by filesystem label
  11. Exposing one directory at another mount point
  12. Deriving a systemd mount-unit name
  13. Choosing a standard removable-media mount point
  14. Mounting a filesystem read-only
104.5 File permissions16 questions
  1. Adding execute permission for the owner
  2. Reading numeric mode 640
  3. Removing all permissions from group and others
  4. Adding search permission only where appropriate
  5. Changing only a file owner
  6. Changing owner and group together
  7. Changing only the owning group
  8. Creating a regular file with umask 027
  9. Creating a directory with umask 002
  10. Confirming that umask cannot add execute bits
  11. Setting setuid on an executable
  12. Understanding the setuid ID change
  13. Setting setgid on a shared directory
  14. Group inheritance in a setgid directory
  15. Setting sticky bit on a shared directory
  16. Deletion rules in a sticky directory
104.6 Links8 questions
  1. Creating a hard link
  2. Creating a symbolic link
  3. Identifying names for the same inode
  4. Removing one hard-link name
  5. A symbolic link after its target is removed
  6. Linking across filesystems
  7. Choosing a link type for a directory
  8. Resolving a relative symbolic link
104.7 Filesystem hierarchy12 questions
  1. Placing host-specific configuration
  2. Placing persistent service logs
  3. Placing shareable userland software
  4. Placing an add-on application
  5. Placing data served by a service
  6. Placing short-lived temporary files
  7. Searching files by name and type
  8. Searching regular files by owner
  9. Why locate misses a new file
  10. Updating the locate database
  11. Finding a command and its manual
  12. Showing every Bash interpretation of a name