Check sample.txt byte by byte to determine whether line endings are LF or CRLF.
Omit the offset column and display each byte in hexadecimal.
Which command is correct?
od dumps a file in a selected format. -An suppresses offsets and -t x1 selects one-byte hexadecimal output.
Detailed explanation
cat sample.txtIncorrect. cat displays text and does not reveal the byte values reliably.
wc -c sample.txtIncorrect. wc -c gives only a byte count.
od -An -t c sample.txtIncorrect. -t c requests character notation rather than hexadecimal bytes.
od -An -t x1 sample.txtCorrect. It prints one-byte hexadecimal values without offsets.
Try it yourself
An example you can run in a temporary verification environment.
printf 'A
' | od -An -t x1Expected result
41 0d 0a（先頭の空白幅は環境により異なる）Key points
- CR is 0d and LF is 0a
- -An omits the address column
- x1 means one-byte hexadecimal
Notes
- Environment: GNU coreutils 9.x
- Command output formatting can vary slightly by distribution or tool version.
- Run the example in a temporary directory or process when possible.
Foundation review
Read the scope first
Check whether the command acts on the current shell, a new process, an existing process, or a file.
Verify the observable result
Use the supplied command and compare the output with the expected result.